利用Python操作消息队列RabbitMQ的方法教程

# 环境为CentOS 7
yum install rabbitmq-server # 安装RabbitMQ
systemctl start rabbitmq-server # 启动
systemctl enable rabbitmq-server # 开机自启
systemctl stop firewall-cmd  # 临时关闭防火墙

pip3 install pika

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding=utf-8
# @Time : 2017/6/13 19:25
# @Author : Shawn
# @Blog : https://blog.just666.cn
# @Email : shawnbluce@gmail.com
# @purpose : RabbitMQ_Producer
import pika
# 创建连接对象
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='115.xx.xx.xx'))
# 创建频道对象
channel = connection.channel()
# 指定一个队列，如果该队列不存在则创建
channel.queue_declare(queue='test_queue')
# 提交消息
for i in range(10):
 channel.basic_publish(exchange='', routing_key='test_queue', body='hello,world' + str(i))
 print("sent...")
# 关闭连接
connection.close()

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding=utf-8
# @Time : 2017/6/13 19:40
# @Author : Shawn
# @Blog : https://blog.just666.cn
# @Email : shawnbluce@gmail.com
# @purpose : RabbitMQ_Consumer
import pika
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('guest', 'guest')
# 连接到RabbitMQ服务器
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('115.xx.xx.xx', 5672, '/', credentials))
channel = connection.channel()
# 指定一个队列，如果该队列不存在则创建
channel.queue_declare(queue='test_queue')
# 定义一个回调函数
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
 print(body.decode('utf-8'))
# 告诉RabbitMQ使用callback来接收信息
channel.basic_consume(callback, queue='test_queue', no_ack=False)
print('waiting...')
# 开始接收信息，并进入阻塞状态，队列里有信息才会调用callback进行处理。按ctrl+c退出。
channel.start_consuming()

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding=utf-8
# @Time : 2017/6/13 20:21
# @Author : Shawn
# @Blog : https://blog.just666.cn
# @Email : shawnbluce@gmail.com
# @purpose : RabbitMQ_Publisher
import pika
# 创建连接对象
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(host='115.xx.xx.xx'))
# 创建频道对象
channel = connection.channel()
# 定义交换机，exchange表示交换机名称，type表示类型
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='my_fanout',
       type='fanout')
message = 'Hello Python'
# 将消息发送到交换机
channel.basic_publish(exchange='my_fanout', # 指定exchange
      routing_key='', # fanout下不需要配置，配置了也不会生效
      body=message)
connection.close()

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding=utf-8
# @Time : 2017/6/13 20:20
# @Author : Shawn
# @Blog : https://blog.just666.cn
# @Email : shawnbluce@gmail.com
# @purpose : RabbitMQ_Subscriber
import pika
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials('guest', 'guest')
# 连接到RabbitMQ
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('115.xx.xx.xx', 5672, '/', credentials))
channel = connection.channel()
# 定义交换机，进行exchange声明，exchange表示交换机名称，type表示类型
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='my_fanout',
       type='fanout')
# 随机创建队列
result = channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True) # exclusive=True表示建立临时队列，当consumer关闭后，该队列就会被删除
queue_name = result.method.queue
# 将队列与exchange进行绑定
channel.queue_bind(exchange='my_fanout',
     queue=queue_name)
# 定义回调方法
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
 print(body.decode('utf-8'))
# 从队列获取信息
channel.basic_consume(callback,
      queue=queue_name,
      no_ack=True)
channel.start_consuming()